Disposable polystyrene foamed tableware is difficult to degrade, and it is still difficult to recycle it comprehensively. To this end, order No. 6 of the State Economic and Trade Commission has clearly stipulated that disposable foamed tableware will be banned by the end of 2000, and put forward the basic requirements for replacement products, that is, it is easy to recycle and degradable. The new national standard for degradable tableware has been stepped up and is expected to be issued within the year. So what is suitable for alternative products?

為了回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，必須對(duì)以下問(wèn)題有充分的了解后方能得出科學(xué)的結(jié)論。

In order to answer this question, we must have a full understanding of the following questions before we can draw a scientific conclusion.

（一）原料問(wèn)題

（1） Raw material problem

快餐餐具是一次性消費(fèi)用品, 使用周期短, 用量大, 因此原料來(lái)源應(yīng)立足于國(guó)內(nèi)，盡量減少原料進(jìn)口，避免對(duì)外匯的依賴(lài)性和對(duì)市場(chǎng)變化的不可控性。像紙板餐具, 由于其原料以木漿為主, 而我國(guó)木材資源嚴(yán)重匱乏, 所以大量制作紙板餐具就不大符合我國(guó)國(guó)情。另外，對(duì)一些原料組成復(fù)雜，質(zhì)量難于保證的產(chǎn)品也應(yīng)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督管理。

Fast food tableware is a disposable consumer product with short service cycle and large consumption. Therefore, the source of raw materials should be based on China, minimize the import of raw materials, and avoid dependence on foreign exchange and uncontrollability of changes in the international market. Like cardboard tableware, because its raw materials are mainly wood pulp, and China's wood resources are seriously scarce, making a large number of cardboard tableware is not in line with China's national conditions. In addition, supervision and management should also be strengthened for some products with complex raw material composition and difficult quality assurance.

（二）生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀

（2） Production status

近幾年我國(guó)快餐業(yè)發(fā)展較快, 快餐具的用量已超過(guò)100億只, 每年以 6%以上的速度遞增。從目前市場(chǎng)使用情況看, 發(fā)泡PS餐具在近期內(nèi)仍是快餐餐具的主流, 現(xiàn)有拉片機(jī)130多臺(tái), 每年P(guān)S原料用量在10萬(wàn)噸左右, 產(chǎn)能在120億只以上。聚丙烯（PP)類(lèi)餐具的生產(chǎn)量目前并不大, 只在鐵路系統(tǒng)部分使用光/生物降解PP餐盒, 用量在3億只左右，但因在鐵路使用效果較好，已有不少企業(yè)在新上該類(lèi)產(chǎn)品 。

In recent years, China's fast food industry has developed rapidly. The consumption of fast tableware in China has exceeded 10 billion, increasing at a rate of more than 6% every year. From the current market use, foamed PS tableware is still the mainstream of fast food tableware in the near future. There are more than 130 tablet pullers, with an annual consumption of about 100000 tons of PS raw materials and a production capacity of more than 12 billion. At present, the production of polypropylene (PP) tableware is not large. Only about 300 million photo / biodegradable PP lunch boxes are used in the railway system. However, due to the good effect in railway, many enterprises have introduced this kind of products.

紙板餐具和紙漿模塑餐具已有三十多家, 但是由于這些餐具無(wú)論從還是性能都不敵PS餐具, 所以大部分廠家處于停機(jī)狀態(tài), 其產(chǎn)能估計(jì)在30億只左右。

There are more than 30 cardboard tableware and pulp molded tableware, but because these tableware are inferior to PS tableware in terms of price and performance, most manufacturers are in shutdown, and their production capacity is estimated to be about 3 billion.

其它類(lèi)型餐具如草纖維類(lèi)、全淀粉類(lèi)雖有少量的生產(chǎn)能力，但還未正式進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)，處于完善階段，估計(jì)產(chǎn)能在5億只左右。因此, 從目前生產(chǎn)能力看已大大過(guò)剩, 如目前進(jìn)行投資建廠必須考慮快餐具的發(fā)展方向和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題, 否則肯定會(huì)對(duì)企業(yè)造成巨大損失。

Although other types of tableware such as grass fiber and whole starch have a small amount of production capacity, they have not officially entered the market and are in the stage of improvement. It is estimated that the production capacity is about 500 million. Therefore, from the current production capacity, there is a great surplus. If we invest and build a factory at present, we must consider the development direction and market competition of fast tableware, otherwise it will certainly cause huge losses to the enterprise.

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